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Understanding Hooke's Law: The Foundation of Elasticity| Chapter 5 Physics 9th

HOOKE'S LAW   Introduction In physics, Hooke's Law is one of the fundamental principles governing how objects deform under external forces . Named after the 17th-century British physicist Robert Hooke, this law provides a crucial understanding of the behavior of elastic materials, such as springs and rubber bands. Whether stretching a rubber band or compressing a spring, Hooke's Law helps explain what happens when forces act on these materials. What is Hooke's Law: Hooke's Law states that the force F needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance x is proportional to that distance. Mathematically, it is expressed as: F= -kx Here k represents the spring constant, which is the measure of the stiffness of the spring, and x is the displacement from the displacement position.  The negative sign indicates that the force exerted by the spring is in the opposite direction of the displacement.  Understanding the Spring Constant: The spring constant k is a critical co

Equations Of Motion 9th Physics Sindh Board and Federal Board

 EQUATIONS OF MOTION FIRST EQUATION OF MOTION SECOND EQUATION OF MOTION       THIRD EQUATION OF MOTION For PowerPoint Presentation Of This lecture Click Download Now

Evolutions of Computers

 EVOLUTIONS OF COMPUTERS The computers which we see today are modern shape of computers which have been evolved since centuries. The evolution of computers is generally divided in following three eras. (i) Mechanical Era (Dark Age):      Men have been trying to invent machines that can solve mathematical problems. In mechanical era, human became successful to make simple machines that could help performing simple arithmetic operation, in other words computing. These machines were manually operated since the electricity was not invented.           (a) Abacus (3000 B.C): Abacus was invented about 5000 years ago.  It is also known as counting frame. Abacus is still used to teach basic arithmetic operations to the students. Abacus is considered as first computer prototype.  Abacus 3000 BC       (b) Napier's Bones (1612 A.D.) :   Scottish mathematician John Napier developed Napier's Bones, in 1612. It is also called Napier's Rods. . It was a small machine that containe

Graphical Representation of Motion 9th Physics Sindh Board

 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF MOTION An object is said to be in the state of Motion if it changes its position with respect to its surroundings. In this article, I will be explaining, "How can we represent the motion of any object graphically?" Graphical Representation deals with the representation of any thing, lets say motion in our case on graph. Here we can also observe the relationship between two quantities plotted on x and y axes respectively. DISTANCE TIME GRAPH Distance time graph tells us the relationship of distance with the time.  How an object is changing its position such as speed with respect to the time. For representation of Distance and time relationship  consider an example: Figure 1: A car covering distances at different intervals of Time Figure 2: Different distance readings covered by the car at different intervals of time For example a car is moving and covering different distances at different intervals of time see figure 1 and 2. As we can observe that

Introduction To Probability

 PROBABILITY AND RANDOM SIGNALS INTRODUCTION TO PROBABLITY: Probability is a number that describes a set. ▪ The higher the number, the more probability there is. ▪ In this sense probability is like a quantity that measures a physical phenomenon ▪ Methods used for assigning probabilities ▪ Personal Approach ▪ Relative Frequency Approach ▪ Classical Approach ▪ Study of probability refers to an experiment consisting of a procedure and observations. ▪ In random variables, each observation corresponds to one or more numbers. ▪ In stochastic processes, each observation corresponds to a function of time. ▪ The word stochastic means random. ▪ In stochastic /random processes, we study random functions of time. ▪ Almost all practical applications of probability involve multiple observations taken over a period of time. SET THEORY: Set theory is the mathematical theory of well-determined collections, called sets, of objects that are called members, or elements, of the set. • Set Theory is a branc

Scalar and Vector Quantities and their Graphical Representation | Physics 9th Sindh Board

  SCALAR AND VECTOR QUANTITIES Table of Contents: What are Physical Quantities What are Scalar Quantities What are Vector Quantities PHYSICAL QUANTITIES:                                         Those quantities which can be measured and have a unit are called Physical Quantities. They are divided into two types of quantities Scalar Quantities Vector Quantities Scalar Quantities: Those quantities which are specified by their Magnitude and unit only are termed as Scalar Quantities. Magnitude is nothing but it is a number for instance, 5 kg of sugar. Here 5 is Magnitude and kg is the unit. For Example: Speed Distance Energy Workdone Power Vector Quantities Those quantities which are specified by their magnitude + unit and direction, are called Vector Quantities. For Example: Velocity Acceleration Force Tension Graphical Representation of Vectors: Vector quantities are represented by an Arrow. Shown in fig(01). Figure 01: Graphical Representation of Vectors The length of the arrows shows t

Some Solved Problems on Speed, Velocity and Acceleration Physics 9th

  SOME SOLVED PROBLEMS ON SPEED VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION Hello students in this article I have posted few solved problems on Speed, Velocity and Acceleration.  Example#01: A sprinter completes its 100 meters race in 12 sec. Find its average speed. Solution:               From the given data we have;                              distance = 100 meters                              Time taken = 12 seconds                              Average speed=?               As we know that                          Avg. speed= distance travelled/time taken                         v= 100/12                         v= 8.33 meters/sec Example#02: A car travels 700 meters in 35 seconds. What is the speed of the car? Solution:               From the given data we have;                    Distance travelled by the car = 700m.                        Time taken = 35 sec.                         Speed = v= ?               Speed= distance travelled/ time               v= 700/35 = 20m/s. The car travels at spee

Difference between Translatory, Rotatory and Vibratory Motion And Some basic Concept that define Motion

 Difference Between Translatory, Rotatory and Vibratory Motion Some Basic Concepts that Define Motion Distance:    The total length covered by a body without mentioning the direction, is called Distance. Its unit is Meter. It is Scalar Quantity. Displacement: The distance measured in a particular direction is said to be Displacement. Its Unit is Meter. It is a vector quantity. Speed: Speed of an object determines how fast the object is moving. The rate of change of the position of an object is called Speed. It is a Scalar quantity. Its Unit is meters/seconds. It can be calculated as: If the body covers equal distance in equal interval of time its speed is said to be Uniform Speed. If a body doesn't cover equal distance in equal interval of time, then its speed is said to be Variable Speed. Velocity: Velocity means the speed of an object in an specified direction. It is the rate of change of displacement with respect to time. It is a vector quantity. Its unit is meters/seconds. It c