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Understanding Hooke's Law: The Foundation of Elasticity| Chapter 5 Physics 9th

HOOKE'S LAW   Introduction In physics, Hooke's Law is one of the fundamental principles governing how objects deform under external forces . Named after the 17th-century British physicist Robert Hooke, this law provides a crucial understanding of the behavior of elastic materials, such as springs and rubber bands. Whether stretching a rubber band or compressing a spring, Hooke's Law helps explain what happens when forces act on these materials. What is Hooke's Law: Hooke's Law states that the force F needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance x is proportional to that distance. Mathematically, it is expressed as: F= -kx Here k represents the spring constant, which is the measure of the stiffness of the spring, and x is the displacement from the displacement position.  The negative sign indicates that the force exerted by the spring is in the opposite direction of the displacement.  Understanding the Spring Constant: The spring constant k is a critical co

ECAT/MDCAT English Reading Comprehension-I For NED,Mehran UET, GIKI, PIAS, NUST universities of Pakistan

 READING COMPREHENSION

ECAT AND MDCAT ENGLISH

TEST 01

PASSAGE 01:

                       When used for studies of learning and memory, the octopus is more interesting subject than the squid. Unlike the free swimming squid which relies exclusively on its eyes to guide it to tasty fish or crab, the octopus often feeds of the bottom of the sea. It not only uses its eyes but also tentacles to identify a likely meal. The brain of the octopus has two separate memory-storage areas one for visual memory and another for tactile memories.
1. How does squid find its food.
    a. By sight only
    b. By touch only
    c. Both by sight and by touch
    d. None of these
2. According to the passage, which of the following can describe the octopus
    a. Its brain is simpler than that of squid 
    b. It can not took and touch at the same time
    c. Its brain does not function very well
    d. The memory of what it has seen and touched is contained in                 separate areas.
3. The passage is mainly about
    a. A new way of feeding fish
    b. Biological difference between two animals
    c. How to go deep-sea fishing
    d. A warning to deep-sea divers

PASSAGE 02:

        Economic expansion continues in May. Government reports shows gains in industrial production, personal income housing starts. Housing constructions, however remain sluggish, mainly because, the cost of new homes has risen much faster than average incomes, but housing starts do show a small increase over those of April.
4. The author's claims concerning economic expansions seem to be based on
    a. Government data in three areas 
    b. Government budgetary reports
    c. The author's own research
    d. The author's personal insight
5. According to the passage which of the following is true of housing starts?
    a. They were the same as in previous months
    b. They were lower in May than in April
    c. They were slightly higher in May than April
    d. They were much higher in May than April
PASSAGE 03:
    During the summer season there will be a revised schedule of services for the university community. Specific changes for the intercampus bus services, the cafeteria and the summer hours for the infirmly and recreational and athletic facilities will be posted on the bulletin board outside the cafeteria. Weekly movie and concert schedule, which are in process being arranged, will be posted each Wednesday outside the cafeteria.
6. Which of the following is the main purpose of this announcement
    a. To tell campus personnel of new library services
    b. To announce the new movie in campus in this summer
    c. To notify university people of important schedule changes 
    d. To remind students to validate their identification cards
7. Specific schedule revisions for which of the following facilities are listed in this announcement
    a. Athletic and recreational 
    b. Food and transportation
    c. Book store and post office 
    d. Medical and audio-visual
8. Time for movies and concerts are not listed in this announcement because 
    a. A film or concert occur every Wednesday 7 p.m
    b. The film list would be too long
    c. Films and concerts can not be announced publically
    d. The full list is not ready yet
9. According to the announcement which of the following is true of special summer hours for the library
    a. It has then only on weekends
    b. It has then both weekdays and weekends
    c. It has no special summer hours
    d. This information is not available
10. According to the announcement a valid identification card is required to
    a. Ride on intercampus buses 
    b. Read announcements in the cafeteria
    c. Make use of the infirmary 
    d. Check books out of the library

ANSWER KEY:
ECAT/MDCAT English Reading Comprehension-I For NED, Mehran UED,GIKI, PIAS,NUST Universities of Pakistan



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