HOOKE'S LAW Introduction In physics, Hooke's Law is one of the fundamental principles governing how objects deform under external forces . Named after the 17th-century British physicist Robert Hooke, this law provides a crucial understanding of the behavior of elastic materials, such as springs and rubber bands. Whether stretching a rubber band or compressing a spring, Hooke's Law helps explain what happens when forces act on these materials. What is Hooke's Law: Hooke's Law states that the force F needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance x is proportional to that distance. Mathematically, it is expressed as: F= -kx Here k represents the spring constant, which is the measure of the stiffness of the spring, and x is the displacement from the displacement position. The negative sign indicates that the force exerted by the spring is in the opposite direction of the displacement. Understanding the Spring Constant: The spring constant k is a critical co...
PHYSICAL QUANTITIES
Physical Quantities are those which can be measured and have a unit are called Physical Quantities.
They are classified into two types.
1. Fundamental Quantities
2. Derived Quantities
1. Fundamental Quantities
Those quantities which are basic in nature and can not be derived from any other quantity are known as Fundamental Quantities.
For Example: Mass, Length, Time etc.
The units of fundamental quantities are called Fundamental Units.
For example: We have unit of length is Meter.
Here Length is fundamental Quantity and Meter is its fundamental Unit.
2. Derived Quantities:
Those which quantities which are derived from other fundamental quantities are termed as Derived Units.
The Units of Derived Quantities are called Derived Units.
For Example:
Force, Momentum, Density, Volume etc.
Their units are called derived units.
Before 1960, there were three systems of units they are;
1.CGS
2.MKS
3.FPS
In each system there were different units of those fundamental quantities.
In CGS which stands for Centimeter Gram Second.
In this system the units of the fundamental quantities are:
Fundamental Quantity Units
Mass Gram
Length Centimeter
Time Second
MKS stands for Meter, Kilogram, Second, the units of fundamental quantities in this system are;
Fundamental Quantities Units
Mass Kilogram
Length Meter
Time Second
FPS stands for Foot, Pound Second.
In this system the units of fundamental quantities are:
Fundamental Quantity Units
Mass Pound
Length Foot
Time Second
After 1960, seven fundamental quantities were introduced and they possess standard units which are followed across the world.
These quantities are;
Fundamental Quantities Units
Mass Kilogram (kg)
Length Meter (m)
Time Second (s)
Electric Current ampere (A)
Temperature Kelvin (k)
Amount of Substance Mole (mol.)
Luminous Intensity Candela (Cd)
Comments
Post a Comment