Unit 5: A VISIT

 A VISIT

TEXTUAL WORD MEANING

Ø CRITICAL SUMMARY:

Mr. Ahmad’s class was deciding to go for a picnic. Mr. Ahmad took permission from the headmaster and arranged a visit to model agricultural farm. When the students reached the model agricultural farm they saw a machine called “Combine” working in the vast wheat field. The machine was cutting crops and binding them into sheaves.

The students also saw a machine called “Thresher” which separates the grains from the chaff. From one end of machine golden sweet-smelling wheat was falling and from the other end the chaff was coming out.

Mr. Hassan told the students the mechanical way of ploughing, sowing and harvesting. He also told that a man on the machine can do a work of a hundred persons.

The ploughing, sowing and harvesting are done through machines in this model farm. The tractor ploughs the deeper than the sowing machine sow the seed very fast and no seed is wasted. The chemical fertilizer are used to enrich the fertilizers and finally, insecticides are sprayed on the crops to kill the germs and harmful insects. The canal water is used to irrigate the crops.

One man on the machine can do the work a hundred person working on it. This is the reason that a model agricultural farm produces three to five times much wheat per lecture than the production of wheat than an ordinary farm. The average production from an ordinary form is 15 to 20 quintals of wheat per hectare, while the average produce per hectare on model farm is 60 to 70 quintals.

The vast difference between an old agricultural form and a model agricultural farm is the use of model or new methods of farming. In old farm old tools are used for the farming, while in model farm model machines and seeds and fertilizers are used for the farming along with the timely spray of insecticides. Due to this reason the output of old farm is three to five time lesser than the model agricultural farm.

The visitors are surprised to see the fresh fruits and vegetables. The painted trunks of tress increased the beaty of the farm. The students of Mr. Ahmad’s class was surprised to see the machines and one thing that surprised them is growing of such vegetables and fruits which were out of the season. The milking of cow is done through the milking machine on the model farm.

IMPORTANT QUESTION AND ANSWERS

Q01: What had Mr. Ahmad’s class been planning?

Ans. Mr. Ahmad’s class was deciding to go for a picnic.

Q02: Where did Mr. Ahmad arranged the program for the visit of class?

Ans. Mr. Ahmad took permission from the the headmaster and arranged the visit to the model agricultural form.

Q03: How are ploughing, seeding and harvesting done on a model farm?

 Ans. The ploughing, sowing and harvesting are all done by machine in this model farm. The tractor ploughs deeper, then the sowing machine sows the seeds very fast and no seed is wasted, the chemical fertilizers are used to enrich the crops.

Q04: What is the name of a machine working on a wheat farm and what does it do? (OR) What do you know about the 'combine"?

Ans: When the students reached the agriculture farm, they saw a machine called 'combine' working in the vast wheat field. The machine was cutting the crops and tied it into sheaves.

Q05: What does the thresher do?

Ans. The thresher separates the grains from the chaff. From one end of the machine, golden sweet smelling wheat falls and from the other end, the chaff comes out.

Q06: How much work can one man do with a machine?

Ans. One man on a machine can do as much work as a hundred men working on it. This is the reason that a model agricultural farm produce three to five times as much wheat per hectare that the wheat produced on an ordinary farm. 

 

Q07:  What is the difference between the production of an average farm and a model farm? (OR) What is the average production of a model farm and an average farm?

Ans. The average production from an ordinary farm is 15 to 20 quintals of wheat per hectare while the average produce per hectare on the model farm is 60 to 70 quintals.

Q08: What surprised the boys on the vegetable farm?

Ans. Mr. Ahmad's class was surprised to see the machines and one thing that surprised them greatly was the growing of such vegetable and fruits, which were out of season.

Q09: How were the tree protected in mango orchard from pests and diseases?

Ans.  The trees were white washed with lime and the ground below was clean and neat. There were no weeds or wild grasses around. Due to this, the trees and fruits were protected from pests and diseases.

Q10: What did Mr. Hassan tell the visitors about the establishment of the dairy on the model farm?

Ans. The farm was using electric milker to milk the cows. The Modern Machines were used to make cream and butter and to preserve the milk.

Q11: What is the difference between the old and modern methods of farming?

Ans. The difference of the output of the two farms is due to the following reasons:

1.     All the processes of ploughing, sowing and harvesting is done with the help of machine at the model farm, while old methods of farming are done in the ordinary farm.

2.     High quality of seeds and fertilizers are used in the model farm.

3.     The production of crops is provided against the germs and insects on the model farm, while such measurements are not timely taken and properly in the ordinary farm.

 

Ø COMPREHENSION - B:

Learn the meanings and spellings of the following words from the lesson and use ten of them in sentences of your own:

Planning; model; huge; harvesting; sheaves; fertilizers; enrich; irrigate; orchard; plentiful; harmful; delicious.

WORDS	MEANING	SENTENCES
Planning	the process of making plans for something	The organization works in close collaboration with  the planning commission.
Model	a three-dimensional representation of a person or  thing or of a proposed structure, typically on a  smaller scale than the original	Father made me a model of a ship for my vacations project.
Huge	extremely large, enormous	China is a country with huge population.
Harvesting	gather (a crop) as a harvest	The growing, harvesting, and processing is a combination of an art and a science.
Sheaves	one of the bundles in which cereal plants are bound  after reaping, any bundle, cluster, or collection	The machine sheaves the wheat after cutting.
Fertilizers	Chemical substances which are used to  make land fertile.	In Model Agricultural farm fertilizers are also  used.
Enrich	Enhance the quality	Oranges are enriched with vitamin C.
Irrigate	Supply water to land of crops.	A major project  in basin is going to irrigate 25000 hectares.
Orchard	a piece of enclosed land planted with fruit trees	Apples, cherries and pears are some of the principal orchard fruits.
Delicious	tasty	The food was delicious.

 

Ø COMPREHENSION-C:

Complete the following sentences from the lesson:

1.     The headmaster had allowed them a day is outing and they were to go by the bus.
2. Mr. Hassan received them at the gate and showed them around.
3. With one sweep it seemed to eat up a large area of the golden crop, which came out, tied into a bundle at the other end.
4. The students watched the working of the machine with keen interest.
5. No, certainly not.
6. The sowing machine sows the seed well.
7. No seed goes waste.
8. We use chemical fertilizers to enrich the soil.
9. The visitors were surprised to see growing there such vegetables as they were out of season. ,
10. He offered the boys fresh tomatoes and cucumbers.

COMPREHENSION-D:

Turn  the following passage into Direct Speech.

Mr. Hassan: “The farm has been doing so well that we have decided to add a dairy to it.”
Mr. Hassan: “Here, finest cows and buffaloes will be kept.”
Mr. Hassan: “The farm will use an electric milker to milk the animals. Modern machinery will be used to make cream and butter.”

Ø COMPREHENSION-F:

Q.1) Narrate in your own words how they get so much produce per hectare on the model farm. 

Answer:
They get so much produce per hectare on the model farm due to a number of effective steps taken there:

§  The first and the foremost element is the use of machines at the model farm for each process. For instance, tractors are used to plough the land deeper to prepare it for sowing much faster.

§  Secondly, the sowing machine sows the seed very fast and in this way no seed goes waste.

§  Thirdly, the selection of seed is of vital importance. The seed selected at the model farm is one of the best qualities. They never compromise on seed quality for best production.

§  Next, wisely they use chemical fertilizers on the model farm in order to enrich the soil for better yield.

§  Then, definitely availability of ample water is a must for agriculture. For that purpose, a lot of canal water is there to irrigate the fields at model farm along with the private tube – wells which are responsible for continuous supply of water throughout the year to the model farm.

§  Finally, insecticides are sprayed on the crops to kill germs and other harmful insects.

Q.2) Write ten sentences about the crops grown in your area. 

Answer:
Sindh is a province that is not as much fertile as the province of Punjab but still it is rich enough to produce a great number of crops in bulk that is not only utilized by the people of   Pakistan but are also exported to different countries  of the world. The economic development of Sindh  largely depends on the progress and growth of  Agriculture Sector. Sindh produces eleven Kharif  and eight Rabi crops throughout the year. Kharif, or  summer crops, are planted in June and harvested in  October whereas Rabi, or winter crops, are planted  in October and harvested in March. Wheat, cotton, rice, sugarcane, maze, chillies, mung, mash, sesame, soybean, fruits, gram, oilseeds, tobacco, lentil, potato, onion, barley are the major crops of the province of Sindh.

Q.3) Write ten sentences to show whether modem methods of farming are better, or the old ones.

Answer:
As the time flies at a very fast pace, one can find a huge difference in the way of living as well as methods adopted by mankind to perform various jobs. Modern methods of farming are much better than the old ones due to certain valid reasons. It is just because of the modern machinery and techniques that farmers are able to produce best quality agricultural products in less time. Mechanized machinery not only save a farmer’s time but reduce the dependency on work force. Now, a man can do as much work with machinery as hundred men without machines. Chemical fertilizers and pesticides are used now-a-days and these salts provide extra enrichment to the crops and protect them from various diseases. Better crops are grown now as compared to the past time crops due to the availability of tube-wells or other latest irrigation systems that were not there in old times.  

Q.4) Write a dialogue between an Inspector of the Department of Agriculture and a farmer discussing the advantages of chemical fertilizers and insecticides sprayed on crops.

Answer:
Instructor: “Good morning! I am Inspector from the Department of Agriculture and I came here to discuss your problems and provide you useful knowledge that would be helpful for your profession.”
Farmer: “I want to ask that how can I increase my production?”
Instructor: “Chemical fertilizers are the best solution of your problem.”
Farmer: “But can they help to increase my production?”
Instructor: “Basically these fertilizers are salts, which provide extra nourishment to the crops. In this way, you can get better crops.”
Farmer: “That’s great! Can you tell me any other significant benefit of using these fertilizers?”
Instructor: “These fertilizers not only provide salts to the land but also help you to grow crops that are out of season.”
Farmer: “I have one problem to discuss.”
Instructor: “What is it?”
Farmer: “It’s just a matter of hard luck that last year my whole crop was destroyed by insects. What cure can you suggest for that?”
Instructor: “It’s very simple dear. You can use pesticides or simply insecticides for your crops. Actually these kill the insects and prevent destruction of crops.”
Farmer: “It’s very easy to use. Thank you for providing me such useful information and resolving my problems.”
Instructor: “No issues dear. It’s my job.”

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