Chapter 3 PROFESSIONS

 PROFESSIONS

TECTUAL WORD MEANINGS

A) TEACHING:

One Sindhi word for teacher is 'Akhund'. It comes from Persian word "Khandan" which means "to read". According to the God, teacher is a spiritual father or mother to a student and it is the responsibility of a student to give them respect like his parents. This respect is given to the teacher as he is the one who reads the message of Allah on the heart of people and preaches them to follow the rules. A teacher guides his students to adopt the path of righteousness in this world as this path will surely leads them to the heaven. This message is found in all sacred writing of Allah too. Hence a teacher is reader par excellence i.e. the one who fulfils God's command as expressed in the first word of the revelation (Wahi) which says, "Read"

A good teacher always receives honor and respect in the society. He teaches the students lessons of moral and professional studies also. The qualities of good teacher are as follows:

1. A good teacher is a reader par excellence. He fulfils God's commands by reading the words of

God written on the heart of people or in the Holy book.

2. A good teacher loves and appreciates his profession.

3. A good teacher must prefer the welfare and progress of the students. 4. He/she has an awe and respect for human beings.

5. The teacher discusses the wonders of the nature, so that the students ponder over the Holy writings, which guide us to live a successful life.

6. The teacher has thirst for knowledge, as for teaching and informing others about something a teacher has to acquaint himself with latest knowledge.

 7. best teacher is the one who remains student forever and always humbly ready to learn from anyone in any situation.

 8. A good teacher is a model of what is true and right, as the students learn from them. So if the preachers are not the followers of  what they teach, how a student could learn from them.

B) FISHING

About three-fourth of our earth is covered with water. The rivers and occans are full of fishes. These fishes are not only an important source of food but it is also an occupation. Some people do fishing as a hobby and some adopt it as a profession. When someone adopts it as an occupation, they have to stay at sea for days and even weeks. The size of a ship may vary, according to the need and finance

of a fisherman. Small as well as large boats with machinery are used in deep water fishing. There are two modes of fishing. Inland or Fresh Water Fishing and Sea or Marine Water Fishing. The fishermen of Pakistan do both kind of fishing. Fresh water fish are caught from river, streams, canals, lakes, and ponds. This is done with nets of various sizes. These fishermen sometimes need no boats at all. The fresh water fish is usually small but tastier. Marine fishing is done in Arabian Sea along the coast. This type of fishing is sometime dangerous,

when the weather turns rough without any warning. The ships have to face hardships in the deep sea and are at the mercy of storms.

The government is taking steps to improve the fishing industry and to reduce the risk factor in it. The steps taken by government are:

1. Fishermen are given loans to buy bigger and better boats so that they can go farther in deep water.

2. Fishing nets of good quality are available to them at low prices.

3. Fish harbors and markets are being setup.

4. Weather stations have been built-up along the coasts to warn the fishing boats for storms.

 5. A Fisheries Training Institutes and Fisheries Technological Laboratory have also been established at Karachi. The fishing is the most important industry of Pakistan. Many by-products are also obtained from fish for example, glue, manure and liver oil. But the chemical and sewerage waste, as well as oil throws in the river or sea are causing dangers to the fresh water life and marine life.

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Q1. What does ‘Akhund’ means according to the lesson “Professions”?

Ans. One Sindhi word for teacher is ‘Akhund’. It was derived from Persian word ‘’Khandan’’ which means to read.

Q2. How does a teacher fulfils God’s command? Give your answer with respect to the lesson "Professions".

Ans. A teacher fulfils Allah's command by reading the message of Allah on the heart of people and preaching them to follow the rules. A teacher guides his students to adopt the path of righteousness in this world as this path will lead them to the heaven, and this message is found in all sacred writing of Allah too. That's how (s)he fufils God's command.

Q3. Describe the qualities of a teacher. (OR) State the professional qualities of a teacher?

Ans. A good teacher always receives honor and respect in the society. He teaches the students lessons of moral and professional studies also. He or she also prefers the interests and welfare of his/her students. He also remains student forever and seeks knowledge to educate his/her students in the best way.

Q4. What are the different modes of fishing?

Ans. : There are two modes of fishing, Inland or Fresh Water Fishing and Sea or Marine Water Fishing. The fishermen of Pakistan do both kind of fishing. Freshwater fishing is mostly done with small boats while marine fishing generally done with large trawlers.

 

Q5. Why do people like fresh water fish?

Ans. Fresh water fish is caught from inland water bodies like river, streams, canals, lakes, and ponds. This is done with nets of various sizes. These fishermen sometimes need no boats at all. The fresh water fish is usually small but tastier.

Q6. Where is marine fishing done in Pakistan and what are the dangers of marine fishing?

 Ans. Marine fishing is done in the Arabian Sea along the coast. This type of fishing is sometime dangerous, when the weather turns rough without any warning. The ships have to face hardships in the deep sea and are at the mercy of storms.

Q7. Why is fish important for us?

Ans. The fishing is the most important industry of Pakistan. Many by-products are also obtained from fish for example, glue, manure and liver oil. But the chemical and sewerage waste, as well as oil thrown in the river and sea, are causing danger to the fresh water and marine life.

Q8. :What steps are taken by government to improve Fishing Industry?

Ans. The government is taking following steps to improve the fishing industry and to reduce the risk factors in it:

 1. Fishermen are given loans to buy bigger and better boats. So that they can go farther in deep water.

2. Fishing nets of good quality are available to them at low prices.

3. Fish harbors and markets are being setup.

4. Weather stations have been built-up along the coasts, to warn the fishing boats for storms.

 5. A Fisheries Training Institutes and Fisheries Technological Laboratory have also been established at Karachi.

COMPREHENSION B

1.     Explain any one quality of a teacher in your own words.

Teacher is a symbol of honesty, dedication, cooperation, sincerity, sympathy and kindness. The one quality that differentiates a good teacher from rest of the others is the factor of integrity or honesty. It is all due to his or her honest nature that motivates a teacher towards his or her work, students, learning process, colleagues and environment. If a teacher is not honest enough, it’s not possible for him to give the desired output in the field of education.

COMPREHENSION C

Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the list given below: tasty, by-product, reservoir, carefully, hobby, off-shore, modernizing.

1.The teacher examined each student carefully
2. River Indus is an important reservoir of water for irrigation.
3. Stamp collecting is a good hobby
4. Lunch was very tasty
5. They are modernizing their mill by importing new machinery.

6. Manora is an off-shore island.
7. Coal-tar is a by-product of petrol.

COMPREHENSION D

Change into active voice

1.     Freshwater fish are caught from rivers.
Rivers provide freshwater fish.
2. This is done with nets of various sizes. (begin with They…… )
They use nets of various sizes to do that.
3. Freshwater fish are considered tastier. (begin with People ….)
People consider freshwater fish tastier.

4. They are sold locally as well as sent to nearby towns. (begin with Fishermen…)
Fishermen go to nearby towns and sell them locally.
5. Fishermen have been given loans to buy improved boats. (Begin with The government…)
The government provides loans to fishermen to buy bigger and better boats.

COMPREHENSION E

Put the verbs in parenthesis into the correct tense.

1.     I will stay here until he comes back.

2.     If you speak the truth, I will not punish you.

3.     When he reached the station, the train arrived.

4.     I found the book, I lost.

5.     If you will not hurry, you will miss the train.

6.     If it will not rain, we will go out for a walk in the evening.

7.     If he will study regularly, he will pass the examination.

8.     He went to the market and bought two exercises books yesterday.

9.     I will go abroad for higher studies as soon as my result will be announced.

10. The teacher will punish the boys who will not do the homework.

COMPREHENSION F

Use since or for in the following sentences.

1.     It has been raining since morning.

2.     They have been playing football for one hour.

3.     I have been living in this house since January.

4.     She has been suffering from fever for two days.

5.     I have been preparing for the examination since last Sunday.

6.     He has been building a house for six months.

7.     The girl has been making a doll since noon.

8.     He has been studying in the school since 1998.

 

COMPREHENSION G

IDIOMS:

1.     To back out of something: To withdraw from an agreement.

Example: Once you have made an agreement, you should not try to back out of it.

Exercise: Rewrite, using the above idiom in place of the phrase in Italic. You gave your word that you would help. Do not change your mind now.

(Substitute the idiom)

Ans.  You gave your word that you would help. Do not back out of it.

2.     To beat about the brush: To go around the topic in order to avoid the point.

Example: If you have the bad news, do not beat about the brush come straight to the point.

Exercise: Say exactly what you mean and stop talking irrelevant points. (Substitute the idiom)

Ans. Say exactly what you mean what you mean stop talking irrelevant points.

3.     To have a bone to  pick  with someone: to have a grievance about something

Example: He has a bone to pick with you.

Exercise: I have a small dispute to settle with you. (Substitute the idiom)

Ans. I have a bone to pick with you.

4.     To break the ice: To overcome the shyness and put people at ease with one another.

Example: Both persons kept quiet, each is waiting for the other to break the ice.

Exercise: Each felt shy to talk until one of them offered tea to the other and thus began talking. (Substitute the idiom)

Ans.  Each felt shy to talk  till one of them offered tea to the other and thus began talking.

COMPREHENSION H

H. Idiomatic Structures explained:

1.     ” The rain came down steadily” means “The rain poured steadily.”

2.     “Prices never come down” means “Prices never decrease.”

3.     “He came down from Quetta” means “He arrived from Quetta.”

4.     “Folk stories have come down to us from our ancestors” means “Folk stories have been handed down to us by our ancestors.”

5.     “Stop day dreaming and come down to earth” means “Be realistic and stop imagining things.”

COMPREHENSION I

Learn the spellings and meanings of the following words from the lesson and use ten of them in sentences of your own.

source; engaged; hobby; individually; recognized; spoilt; marine; various; tasty; locally; warning; keen; modernizing; available; off-shore; Institute; by-products; obtained; glue; liver.

WORDS	MEANING
source	a place, person, or thing from which something originates or can be obtained
engaged	busy; occupied
hobby	an activity done regularly in one’s leisure time for pleasure
individually	one by one; singly; separately
recognized	Identify (someone or something) from having encountered them before; know again.
spoilt	(past and) past participle of spoil
marine	relating to or found in the sea.
various	different from one another; of different kinds or  sorts.
tasty	(of food) having a pleasant, distinct flavor.
locally	with respect to a particular place or situation
warning	a statement or event that warns of something or that serves as a cautionary example
keen	having or showing eagerness or enthusiasm
modernizing	adapt (something) to modern needs or habits,  typically by installing modern equipment or  adopting modern ideas or methods
available	able to be used or obtained; at someone’s disposal.
off-shore	situated at sea some distance from the shore
institute	an organization having a particular purpose,  especially one that is involved with science,  education, or a specific profession.
by-products	an incidental or secondary product made in the  manufacture or synthesis of something else
obtained	get, acquire, or secure (something).
glue	an adhesive substance used for sticking objects or  materials together
liver	a large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of  vertebrates, involved in many metabolic processes

 

 

 

WORDS	SENTENCES
source	Wind is now the world’s fastest growing source of power.
hobby	My hobby is collecting foreign stamps.
individually	Each chocolate is individually wrapped in a colorful foil package.
marine	The sinking of the Titanic is perhaps the most famous marine disaster in the world.
tasty	Tinned foods are not very tasty and are harmful for health too.
keen	The dog has a very keen sense of smell.
available	There is a room available for our party next Friday night.
institute	There are number of reputed institutes throughout the country that offer degree in Geo-Physics.
glue	You have to glue your photograph to the application form.
liver	Alcohol severely damages the liver of the user.

 

COMPREHENSION J

Select words from List A, which are similar in meaning to words in List B.

 

LIST A	LIST B
reflection	preserved carefully
enshrined	image
divine	honor
dignity	of God

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