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UNIT #02
SHAH ABDUL LATIF BHITTAI
CRITICAL
SUMMARY
Shah Abdul Latif
Bhittai who is lovingly called “Lal Latif”
by his devotees, was a noted Sindhi scholar, mystic, saint and poet. These
people had heard these facts from their fathers and grandfathers. As Sufi poet,
Latif’s Urs is held at his shrine every year on 14 Safar. Many learned men read
papers that tell about Latif’s life and poetry.
Shah Latif’s
ancestral roots lay in Afghanistan. Some historians say that Shah Latif’s father Syed Habib Shah, migrated from Matyaru his
ancestral home in Afghanistan, to Bhainpur in Sindh, in order to gain spiritual
contact with Bilawal a local pious man.
In 1742, Shah
Latif left his home and went to live on the mound at some distance from his
village. Due to fact that he lived on this mound for the rest of his life. Shah Latif came to be known as “The
Saint of the Bhit.”
He was born in
1689 A.D/ 14 Safar 1102 A.H, in a small village “Hala Haveli” various
references in Shah Jo Rasalo indicate the in-depth knowledge of Holy Quran and
Hadith. His poetic collection included The Masnavi of Maulana Jalaluddin Rumi
and Shah Kareem’s poems too.
Young Latif had a
very sensitive mind. His admiration for the beauty of nature filled his
heart with love of God. His wife died at an early age, before she
could have any children. However Shah never married again.
Latif’s love grew
more and more to the extent that he found pleasure only in devotion. As a
result, he spent most of his time in prayers and deep thinking. Any one who
come to him was strongly impressed by
his gentle ways, and his followers increased day by day. He would spent much of
his time sitting on the bank of the lake.
Lal Latif died in
1752, on the mound where he had lived.
He was buried on the same mound. They played his poetry continuously for
three days. When they stopped playing,
they found the poet dead. The lovely
white domestic shrine represent the purity and dignity of Latif.
Shah Latif was
gentle and kind soul, his collected poems have been in the form of Shah jo
Rasalo, which has been translated in English, Urdu, Sindhi and other languages.
Shah Abdul Latif will always be remembered for his great poetry
With love and
reverence.
SIMPLE SHORT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Q #01: When and where was Shah Abdul
Latif Bhittai born? What did his devotees call him?
Ans: Shah Abdul Latif Bhhittai was born in
1689 A.D or 1102 A.H in a small village called “Hala Haveli”. His devotees
called him Lal Latif with love and devotion. Hala Haveli is situated in province
of Sindh.
Q #02: From where and why did the ancestors of Shah Abdul Latif come to Sindh? What do you know
about the ancestors of Shah Abdul Latif?
Ans: Shah Latif’s ancestral roots lay in Hirat
Afghanistan. Some historians say that The Shah’s father Syed Habib Shah
migrated to Sindh from Hirat Afghanistan
to Bhainpur Sindh, in order to gain spiritual contact with Bilawal a local pious man. Others say that his ancestors migrated to
Sindh from Hirat as Sindh was center of Muslim culture.
Q #03: Why did Shah Abdul Latif keep
on sitting on the bank of the lake near the mound?
Ans: Shah Latif was not only a Saint but also a
poet and musician. Because of his love
and admiration of nature, he sat near the lake for hours and the calm
atmosphere around him inspired him to pray to God and to compose verses in
Allah’s praise. This practice made him a great saint a poet.
Q #04: What is Bhit? Why Shah Latif is called as the “Saint of Bhit”?
Ans: In Sindhi language, a mound of sand is
called Bhit. Because Shah Latif spent most of his life on this Bhit in deep
thinking composing poetry and offering prayers to the
Almighty. He affectionately called as Shah Latif Abdul Latif Bhittai.
Q #05: What is the other skill of
Shah Abdul Latif other than poetry?
Ans: Shah Abdul Latif was a great saint and poet and also a musician. He
invented simple musical instrument called as ‘’Tambooro’’.
Q #06: Who was Shah Latif? What was the message of his poetry?
Or
What is the message of Shah Latif’s message
to us?
Or
What do you know about the poetry of
Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai?
Ans: Latif gave the message of love,
peace and simplicity through his poetry. The teachings of Islam inspired him
and he conveyed the message of God by making brotherhood, equality and good
deeds as the main theme of his poetic
verses.
Q #07: What is the name of the collection of the poetry of Shah Abdul
Latif?
OR Who collected the poetry of Shah Abdul
Latif in the form of collection?
OR What did Shah Latif’s collection of
poetry came to be called and why is his
collection so valued?
Ans: The name of the collections of Shah Abdul Latif’s poetry
is “The Rasalo of Shah Abdul Latif” .
This was made by his devotees. They collected his poetry after his death. It is full of very good and religious
poetry.
Q #08: When did Shah Latif die? Who
built a shrine over his grave?
Ans: Shah Latif died in 1752 A.D or 1165
AH. He was buried on the same mound where he lived. Ghulam Shah Kalhoro, the
king of Sindh at that time built the
shrine over his grave.
Q #09: When and where the Urs of Shah Latif is held
every year?
Ans: The Urs of Shah Abdul Latif is held
on 14th of Safar in Bhit Shah. Many devotees gather there and listen
to Latif’s songs that are sung on the Tambooro. People pay homage to him.
SOLUTIONS OF IMPORTANT EXERCISES FROM TEXT BOOK
READING COMPREHENSION:
EXERCISE #01:
1. How many aspects of Shah Abdul
Latif’s life have been covered in this text?
Ans: There are seven aspects of Shah
Latif’s life have been discussed in
this text.
2. List all the aspects?
Ans:
a. The first aspect is about his background and family.
b. The second aspect is about his name Bhitai.
c. The third aspect is about is early life and education.
d. The fourth aspect is about his Youth.
e. The fifth aspect is spiritual growth.
f.
The sixth aspect is about
his death and remembrance.
g. The seventh aspect is about his poetry and skills.
EXERCISE #02:
1. Those who
have an abundance of wealth have
a. Little
wealth
b. A lot of wealth
c. Some wealth
2. My family’s
ancestral roots are in Sindh, means my parents, grandparents and great
grandparent have been lived in Sindh
a. Since my
grandparents got married
b. My birth
c. Many generations
3. The new
academic year commence in our schools in April
a. End
b. Progresses
c. Begins
1. The devotees of some saints walk to
shrines barefoot
a. Children
b. Followers
c. caretakers
2. Many people go to mystic to ask for fulfillment of their wishes
a. Persons who lives alone
b. New person
c. Person with spiritual power
3. The Sailors of Sindh, use to
travel to far off lands as they had good
navigation skills
a. Ship directing
b. Engineering
c. Swimming
4. For centuries, the main medium for
transfer of information was oral traditions
a. Horses
b. Passing of information by word of mouth
c. Messages
5. My brother is restless person, always looking for new
things to do
a. Genius
b. Different
c. Change Seeking
6. Truly great persons deserve a
reverence as they play a positive role in our lives
a. Rich and wealth
b. Leadership positions
c. Respect and admirations
7. Islam’s message of peace is universal, as without it
there can be no happiness
a. Good
b. Applicable to all the people in
the world
c. Acceptable
EXERCISE #03
Work in pairs and complete the
sentences below with a word written in bold in (Ex #02). You can use one word
once. Write the complete sentences.
1. The devotees of Shah Bhitai celebrate his Urs every year.
2. My mother and I decided to go mystic
to ask him to pray for my father’s health.
3. It is universal fact that no living thing can survive without oxygen.
4. Much of what we know about our
culture has been passed on to us through oral
traditions.
5. We may have different ancestral roots but we are all off
spring of Adam.
6. Fasting
commence on first day of Ramadan.
7. Pakistan has everything in abundance but we need strong policies
to make good use of everything that we have.
8. Nelson Mandela won his people’s reverence for his long struggle for the
rights of people in South Africa.
9. The art of restless require hard work and one needs to practice a lot to write
beautifully.
10.
The
Pakistan Navy has very good navigation skills.
EXERCISE #04:
The reading text has seven aspects
that relate to Shah Latif.
The following sentences state one key
point covered under each aspect. However these sentences are in jumbled up
order. Read the text and write the text the aspect number.
EXERCISE #05:
Read the
text and find the following information
1. Two things done at a time of Urs as
mentioned in the text.
a.
Listening saint’s songs
b.
Reading papers about Latif’s life and
his poetry.
2. Two possible reasons why his ancestors
migrated to Sindh.
a.
To gain spiritual contact with the
pious man in Sindh named Bilawal
b.
To gain education and culture.
3. Two other languages that knew quite
well.
a.
Persian
b.
Arabic
4. The main religious sources that
he had knowledge about
a.
The Holy Quran
b.
Arabic
5. Two poets whose works were a part of
his collection
a.
Moulana Jalaluddin Rumi
b.
Shah Karim
6. Two skills for which he is known
a.
Poetry
b.
Music
7. Two places in Afghanistan mentioned
in his poetry.
a.
Kabul
b.
Qandar
8. Two places in India mentioned in text
a.
Delhi
b.
Deccan
9. Two languages mentioned in which the
“Rasalo” has been translated.
a.
English
b.
Urdu
a.
EXERCISE #06:
Answer the following questions.
Q #01: How was information about Shah
Latif’s early life collected?
Why was it collected in this
manner?
Ans: Information about the life of Bhittai
has mostly been collected from oral traditions. A renowned Pakistani scholar,
educationist, and writer of plays, dramas and stories. Mirza kalich Baig is said to be have
collected details about the early life of Shah Bhitai from some old people
living at that time. These people had heard that facts from their fathers and
grandfathers and some of them seen Shah Latif in person
and had even spoken to him.
Q #02: Why is Shah Latif called “Saint of Bhit”?
Ans: In Sindhi, the mound of thte sand is called Bhit. Because Shah Latif used to
sit on that mound in deep
thinking, composing poetry and offering prayers to Almighty.
He is affectingly called as the
“Saint of Bhit”.
Q #03: why did Shah Latif not marry again after his wife died?
Ans: In 1713 Sufi poet married Bibi saeeda Begum. His wife died
at an
early age, before he could have any
children. Because his heart turned more towards religion and
devotion and he felt restless; he found it difficult to live a normal domestic
life.
Q #04: Why did people become
followers of Shah Abdul Latif?
Ans: He spent most of his time in prayers and deep thinking . His spiritual
power grew stronger with prayers and
devotion, so people began to
attracted toward him. Anyone
who came to him was strongly impressed
by his gentle ways and his followers
increased.
Q #05: what does Shah Latif’s poetry and work tell
us about his knowledge and skills?
Ans: Latif’s poetry is fully
representation of Sindhi nationality.
His poetry never arouse people for an
immediate gain and transitory success,
rather teaching man to sacrifice temporary gain to achieve an enduring aim is real spirit of his
poetry. He has sued the well-known
stories, characters, incidents and situations.
All these elements shows his
skills and knowledge.
Q #06: Name the places mentioned in
Shah Latif’s poetry?
Ans: In his poems, he write mainly about
Sindh and its neighboring regions. However he also mentioned distant cities such
as, Istanbul, Delhi, Deccan , China,
Rome , Kabul, Qandhar and Samarqand. He
also talks about Sindhi sailors
(samundi’s), their navigation techniques, and their void as far as The Malabar
Coast, Sri Lanka , and The Island of Java.
Q #07: Why is
Shah Latif’s message in his verses acceptable to everyone?
Ans: Latif gave a message of love, peace
and simplicity through his poetry. The teachings of Islam greatly inspired him
and he conveyed the message of God making brotherhood, equality and good deeds
as main theme of his poetry. So it is
acceptable for all.
Q #08: Can we put his message into
practice in today’s world?
If ‘Yes’ how, if ‘No’ why not?
Ans: Yes. We can practice his message even
today because Latif’s message is the message of love. It is universal message regardless the religion,
creed, cast, color and area of residence.
LANGUAGE PRACTICE:
EXERCISE #01:
Fill in
the blanks with the positive and
negative form of the suitable modal verbs (can/could).
a.
I couldn’t swim when I was a child but I can swim now.
b.
My brother couldn’t run fast when he was five years old but he can run fast now.
c.
They can come
early in the but they can’t find a bus
earlier.
d. Nowadays, Sana couldn’t speak English fluently but
she could speak so well a year ago.
e. Sameer couldn’t speak several languages when he was young but now he can speak only English fluently.
f. Little Shahzain can crawl but he still can’t
walk.
g. Sara can’t embroider and stitch clothes but her sister can.
EXERCISE #04:
A.
Fill in the
blanks in the following exercises with nouns formed by using suffix ‘ment’ with
the appropriate given words.
1. As soon as the judgment was given, the reporters left the court room.
2. Zaman is back to work after his treatment.
3. The workers received the weekly payment.
4. My son is looking for employment as he lost his job last
week.
5. After his retirement at the age of sixty he decided to write a book.
6. The management of the school
announced their new admission policy yesterday.
B.
Fill in the
blanks in the following exercises with nouns formed by using suffix ‘ness’ with
the appropriate given words.
1. Her illness has made her week.
2. I love the softness of our new sofa set.
3. Our neighbor’s son, who is soldier,
fought the enemy with boldness.
4. The Principal of our school treats
everyone with kindness.
1. My mother taught us neatness in all our work.
A.
Fill in the blanks in the following exercises with nouns formed by using
suffix ‘al’ with the appropriate given words.
1. The survival of the green turtle is
in danger on the Karachi beaches.
2. Our proposal for setting up
a dispensary was accepted by the minister.
3. The removal of garbage is the responsibility of the government.
4. The train moved out of the station as
soon as guard gave the signal.
5. I needed my parents’ approval for
going to friend’s weeding.
WRITING:
EXERCISE #01:
Answer the
following questions:
a.
Why was the twin’s father worried?
Ans: The twin’s father was worried about
his son Tanveer as he has never thought
about the consequences and the results
of taking any step or action beforehand.
b.
What did he decided to do?
Ans: One day he called the two
brothers and told them that he had saved
enough money to buy them a bicycle. Since he had money only for one cycle, he
decided set up a competition. The one who would win the competition will get
the bicycle. The competition was that both of them should set out right after
the morning prayers and walk a distance as much as each one could and return
by sunset. The one who manage to
complete the task would get the prize.
c.
Who won the competition? And why
did he
win?
Ans: Junaid won the competition as he
thought about what to do before setting
of.
d.
Who lost the competition? And why did
he lost?
Ans: Tanveer lost the competition as he
had been running so fast, he was very tired, so the return was slow. When he
finally arrived at home, long after sunset, he found that Junaid was already at
home.
e.
What lesson did Tanveer learnt?
Ans: Tanveer learnt that he should think
before doing anything.
EXERCISE #05:
MOEN-JO-DARO
Moen-Jo-Daro means “The mound of the dead”. It is one of the oldest cities of the world. Its ruins are four thousand and five years old. The ruins show that it was once a highly busy, civilized and developed city. This city was built around 2600 B.C and it was abandoned around 1500 BC. Sir John Marshal was an English Civil Servant who discovered this famous city in 1922. When some old pieces of old pots and bricks were brought to him, he realized its importance and did lot of efforts to discover this city. His men started digging and found a city of straight roads and well-built houses. It also had covered drain system, bath rooms, servant quarter halls for storing grains. A shopping center with shops on the both sides was also found there. It was surprising to know that the people of this city were great traders and great leaders and skilled craftsmen who could work in gold, silver and ivory. The clay dolls, carts and many kinds of seals show there talent inn art and craft. Until now, no one knows that what had happened to this city.
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