HOOKE'S LAW Introduction In physics, Hooke's Law is one of the fundamental principles governing how objects deform under external forces . Named after the 17th-century British physicist Robert Hooke, this law provides a crucial understanding of the behavior of elastic materials, such as springs and rubber bands. Whether stretching a rubber band or compressing a spring, Hooke's Law helps explain what happens when forces act on these materials. What is Hooke's Law: Hooke's Law states that the force F needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance x is proportional to that distance. Mathematically, it is expressed as: F= -kx Here k represents the spring constant, which is the measure of the stiffness of the spring, and x is the displacement from the displacement position. The negative sign indicates that the force exerted by the spring is in the opposite direction of the displacement. Understanding the Spring Constant: The spring constant k is a critical co...
THE LAST SERMON OF THE LAST HOLY PROPHET (S.A.W)
SIMPLE SHORT
QUESTIONS ANSWERS
Q01: What did the Last Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) asked the Quraish,
and what was their reaction?
Ans: Last Holy Prophet Muhammad
(PBUH) asked the Quraish not to worship their false gods. They opposed this new
faith so much so that Last Holy Prophet (PBUH) had to ask the believers to
migrate to Yahtrib, a city 320km away from Makkah.
Q02:
What is meant by Hijra?
Ans: The bitter
opposition Quraish and their aggressive caused the Last Prophet (PBUH) to
migrated to Yahtrib, a city 320km north of Makkah. He left Makkah and stopped
at a place called Quba. He built a
mosque there on 28th June 622 A.D and then entered Yahtrib on 2nd
July 622 A.D. This event is known as Hijra.
Q03: who lived in Madina when the last holy
Prophet (PBUH) arrives there?
Ans: When the
Last Holy prophet (PBUH) arrived in Madina, there lived four Main groups:
1.
Muslims including migrants and inhabitants of
Madina.
2.
Hypocrites
3.
The tribes of Aws and Khazraj.
4.
The Jews.
Q04:
What is Constitution of Madina?
Ans: The Last Holy Prophet (S.A.W) invited the
representatives of all the four groups to reach an agreement for the peace and prosperity of
Madina. All groups were satisfied with the initiatives of Last Holy Prophet
(S.A.W) and accepted his proposal. This charter is called “Constitution of
Madina” or “Charter of Madina”.
Q05: What happened in the year
10 A.H?
Ans: In the year 10 A.H the Last
Prophet Muhammad (S.AW) undertook his
farewell pilgrimage to Makkah. This farewell pilgrimage is one of the
most significant historical event for the Muslims, for it was the first and
last pilgrimage made by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) as well as an occasion when he
taught Muslims how to perform the Hajj.
Q06: When and where did Holy Prophet deliver his last Hajj Sermon?
Ans: During his Last Hajj, he
delivered his last Hajj sermon in the Uranah valley of Mount Arafat on the 9th of Dhu-Al-Hajj, 10 A.H
(6th March 632 A.D) . Here he
delivered his Last Hajj Sermon.
Q07: Write some important points of
the Hajj Sermon of the Last Holy Prophet (S.A.W)?
Ans : These are some important points of the last Hajj Sermon of
Holy Prophet (S.A.W)
·
Hurt no one so no one hurt you.
·
Beware of Satan.
·
All men and women have equal rights on each
other.
·
The most righteous is the most honorable in the
eye of Almighty Allah.
·
All Muslims are bothers among themselves.
EXERCISE
#01
Read the text and tick the correct
option:
1.
The text is about
a.
The battle of Islam.
b.
The family of Last Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
c.
The migration and teachings of the
Last Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
d.
The last pilgrimage.
2.
Which of the following message is
mentioned in the Last Sermon, given below
a. People should not hurt others.
b. Both men and women have equal rights
on each others.
c. All Muslims are a part of one
brotherhood.
d. All of the above
EXERCISE #02
Find the meaning of the following
words:
EXERCISE #03
Use the following words in the
sentences of your own:
1.
Ancestors : Shah Latif’s ancestors migrated to
Sindh from Hirat.
2.
Migrate : Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) migrated from Makkah to Madina.
3.
Aggressive : People
of Makkah became aggressive on the invitation of true Islam.
4.
Hypocrites :
Hypocrites of Madina did not succeed in their conspiracy.
5.
Pagans : Pagans of Madina did not succeed in their conspiracy.
6.
Harmony : We
should always support harmony.
7.
Prohibited : Smoking
is prohibited in public places.
8.
Alliance : The alliances of both the political parties won the elections.
9.
Unified : The Government hoped to centralize and unify the nation.
10. Consolidated : The Company consolidated its position
in the international markets.
11. Astray : We went astray but man redirected us.
12. Beware : Beware of dogs in the streets.
13. Superiority : He attacked the media’s smug
superiority.
14. Piety : He accepted pieties of our time are so respectable.
15. Legitimate : The regime was not legitimated by
popular support.
16. Equitable : There will be always equitable
distribution of resources.
17. Meritocracy : Progress toward meritocracy is slow in Pakistan.
18. Principle : We should follow the principle of
good life.
EXERCISE #04
Read the text and answer the
following questions by circling the right answer.
1. How did the Quraish treat the Last
Holy Prophet(S.A.W)? They:
a. Favored him
b. Opposed him
c. Loved him
d. Criticize him
2. When did Last Holy Prophet (S.A.W)
migrated to Madina:
a. 620 A.D
b. 621 A.D
c. 622 A.D
d. 623 A.D
3. 3. When the Last Holy Prophet(S.A.W)
settled in Madina, which of following group of people lived there:
a. Muslim and Jews
a. Muslims, Pagans and Jews
b. Muslims, Pagans, Hypocrites and Jews
c. Muslims, Hypocrites and Jews
1. Where did Last Holy Prophet (S.A.W) deliver
his last sermon
a. Quba Mosque
b. Uranah Valley
c. Jabal-e- Rehmat
d. Hudebia
2. When
did the Last Holy Prophet (S.A.W)
perform his last Hajj
a. 6th Year of Hijra
b. 8th Year of Hijra
c. 10th Year of Hijra
d. 12th Year of Hijra
EXERCISE #05
Read the text and find whether
the statements are right or wrong.
POST READING
EXERCISE #06
The table on the next page has message from the Last Sermon of the Last Holy Prophet (S.A.W). First part of sentence is given in column A and the second part is given in column B, in a jumbled order read the text and matches the part in the column A with the correct part in column B, and write the answers in column C. The first has been done for you as an example.
EXERCISE #07
Write the complete sentences in your
notebook
1. Most of the Quarish refused to accept
Islam because they thought that Holy Prophet (S.A.W) was against their gods and ancestors.
2. The day the Last Holy Prophet (S.A.W)
entered Yahtrib, marks the start of Islamic
Calendar.
3. The day the Last Holy Prophet (S.A.W)
invited the leaders of all the communities living in Madina to discuss the constitution of Madina.
4. The three main points of Charter of
Madina were rights of Muslims and Jews,
freedom of religion and prohibition of any alliance outside of Madina.
5. In order to strengthen the position
of Muslims in Madina, the Last Holy Prophet (S.A.W) took
three main steps which were to unite
different Arab tribes under Islam to carry out social and religious reforms and
administrative development.
6. The farewell pilgrimage of Last Holy
Prophet (S.A.W) is an important event
for Muslims because The last Holy
Prophet (S.A.W) addressed his last Hajj
Sermon.
7. The
Last Holy Prophet (S.A.W) asked the people in gathering to listen
carefully as he asked them his words to
those who were not present there.
8. The Muslims can ensure that all
people get their fair share by following
the message of the Last Hajj Sermon of
the Last Holy Prophet (S.A.W).
LANGUAGE PRACTICE
EXERCISE #01
The following table has some second
conditional sentences. The first part is in column A and the second part is in
column b, but inn jumbled order. Find the correct match from column B, and
write the answers in answer column.
Complete the following second
conditional sentences by using the correct form of verbs given in the brackets.
a. If she studied harder, she
would get the first prize in the contest.
b. If you grew multiple crops on your
land, you could earn more profit.
c. People would fly, if
they had wings.
d. If I owned a camera, I would take many pictures.
e. They might win the match, If
they worked hard in practice.
f.
If
Abdullah lived with his family, he would
save more income.
g. My family would move to the city, if
my father allowed me to move.
h. She could become a doctor, if she could get admission in medical college.
EXERCISE #03
Zahid: We
had to call off our picnic plan . First we decided to go to seaside but we
couldn’t do so.
Qasim: Why?
Zahid: If we
went to seaside, Salim wouldn’t
come.
Qasim: Why
would Salim not come?
Zahid: If we swam, he
will fall sick.
Qasim; You
don’t fall sick when you swim.
Zahid:
Salim’s heart is weak. He would be
terrified, if he got into the water.
Qasim: You
could have gone to the park.
Zahid: Tahir
and Salman said that , if we went to the
park they would get
bored.
Qaim: Then
what?
Zahid:
Someone suggested that we visit the museum. However half of the group objected and said that if we went there , they would not join us.
Qasim: Why?
Zahid: They
said that they would drop
themselves if we just went to museum.
Qasim: They were right. If you wanted to have fun,
then you could not do that inside the museum.
Zahid: So,
if we tried to please
everyone, we had to agree on
a place to go. Hence the plan was dropped.
Revision:
Punctuation
FORMING HABIT
How long it take to form a habit? I looked for an answer,
the same way most people do now a days. I asked Google. The answer I got was 21 days. It seemed that if you repeat the behavior everyday for
21 days you can form a brand-new habit. Then I asked can one change all type of behaviors in 21 or
some types. I was not able to find
an answer. All I could find out was
that, if it was exercise, smoking writing diary or turning cartwheels; you
could do 21 days. The important
thing was to maintain a chain of f21 days
without breaking it.
One psychologist Mr. Mohan
decided to do some research to find out if all new habits could be formed in
just 21 days. About 100 people from
the Multan University participated in research. They
were asked to choose behavior that they wanted to turn into habit. They all had to choose something they
didn’t already do that would be repeat every day. What do you think the result was ?
The result showed that on average it took 66 days until a habit was
formed. However this does not mean
that people weren’t able to form new
habits in 21 days. According to the
study, findings some habits could be formed in 21 days while some could take as
long as 254 days. So 21 days to form
a habit probably right as long as you want to do is drink a glass of water
after breakfast.. Anything harder is
likely to take longer to become a really
strong habit and in the case of some activities much longer.
Correct the errors of Punctuation in the following text.
STUDY SKILLS:
EDITING
THE WISE KING
Rich man was
on his death bed. He told his sons to dig the ground under his cot and share
the buried wealth after his death. When he died the sons started digging. One
of them found a vessel full of jewels and pearls, other a vessel full of gold
and silver coins, the third one a vessel full of bones, and fourth a vessel
full of dust. The last two quarreled with first two and said that the richest
should be shared equally amongst them.
The first two did not agree.
Actually all
four decided to put there case before the king. The King listen to their story
and decided that the one who got jewels should kept them and the one who got the coins should also
keep them. The other two brothers felt very sad when they heard this.
Then the
king looked to another two sons and said that the one who has vessel full of bones was to be owner of the cattle left
by his father and one with vessel full of dust was to be owner of land owned by
rich man.
The decision
by the king was liked by all the brothers. They were amazed at the king’s
wisdom. They were satisfied and content with the decision.
EXERCISE #02
FOUR SEASONS
There was a
man who had four sons, he wanted his sons to learn not to judge things too
quickly then he send each of them one by one to go and look at pear tree that
was a great distance away.
The first
son went in winter, the second in spring, the third in summer and the youngest
son in autumn. When they all had gone and come back he called them together to
describe what they had seen. The first son saw that the tree was ugly, bent and
twisted. The second son said, “No, it was covered with green buds and full of
promise.” The third son disagreed; he said that it was laden with blossoms that
smell so sweet looking so beautiful. It was most graceful thing, he had ever
seen. The last son disagreed all of them; he said it was dropping with ripe
fruits., full of life and fulfillments.
The man then
explained to all his sons, that they were all right, because they had all seen
but only one season in tree’s life. He told them that you cannot judge a tree
or a person by only one season or on the basis of knowing about only one aspect
of his life. So don’t let the pain of one season destroy the joy of all the
remaining. Don’t judge life by one difficult season or people on the basis of
one bad example.
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