HOOKE'S LAW Introduction In physics, Hooke's Law is one of the fundamental principles governing how objects deform under external forces . Named after the 17th-century British physicist Robert Hooke, this law provides a crucial understanding of the behavior of elastic materials, such as springs and rubber bands. Whether stretching a rubber band or compressing a spring, Hooke's Law helps explain what happens when forces act on these materials. What is Hooke's Law: Hooke's Law states that the force F needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance x is proportional to that distance. Mathematically, it is expressed as: F= -kx Here k represents the spring constant, which is the measure of the stiffness of the spring, and x is the displacement from the displacement position. The negative sign indicates that the force exerted by the spring is in the opposite direction of the displacement. Understanding the Spring Constant: The spring constant k is a critical co...
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM
When there is interaction between two bodies, there comes the concept of momentum. When any collision or explosion occurs, there it plays a vital rule in calculation of affect of that collision.
In an isolated system momentum is a conserved quantity. It means when bodies collide there is no external force between the bodies. Thus we have Law of Conservation of Momentum which states that,
"The total momentum of an isolated system always remains constant".
For Example: Consider two balls having masses m1 and m2 and their velocities before collision are u1 and u2. Considering u1 is greater than u2. [See Figure 1].
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| Figure 1: two balls with masses m1 and m2 |
So before collision the total momentum of the system can be written as,
m1u1 + m2u2
So when both the balls collide as shown below in figure 2.
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| Figure 2:When collision takes place |
After the ,collision of two balls the velocities of the balls become v1 and v2 respectively. See Figure 2.
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| Figure 2: Balls after collision with v1 and v2 velocities |
The total momentum of the system after collision can be given as,
m1v1+m2v2
According to Law of Conservation of Momentum:
[Total Momentum of the system before collision ] = [Total momentum of the system after collision]
thus,
m1u1+m2u2 = m1v1+m2v2
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